The only connection between the adrenal gland and the kidneys is that they are next to one other. The surgery of adrenal gland is subject of general surgery or endocrine surgery discipline. “Endocrinology,” a subspecialty of internal medicine, evaluates organ functions, disfunctions and the masses located in the gland preoperatively. In most cases, surgery is necessary for adrenal tumors that release excess hormones. Since some of them have a higher risk of developing cancer (like Cushing disease brought on by adrenals).
The cortex and medulla, two distinct regions that are next to one another, make up the adrenal gland. Hormone production varies greatly among these parts. In general, the increased hormone production is observed in one-third of the mass of the adrenals.
An adrenalectomy performed laparoscopically is the optimal surgical procedure for the adrenal gland. It’s extremely well tolerated following surgery. But for suspected tumors larger than 7 cm, laparoscopic surgery is not advised.